Tsarin lantarkihydrogenNa'urar samarwa ta ƙunshi cikakken saitin lantarki na ruwahydrogenkayan aikin samarwa, tare da manyan kayan aiki waɗanda suka haɗa da:
1. Tarin lantarki
2. Na'urar raba ruwa mai iskar gas
3. Tsarin busarwa da tsarkakewa
4. Sashen wutar lantarki ya haɗa da: na'urar canza wutar lantarki, kabad ɗin gyara wutar lantarki, kabad ɗin sarrafa PLC, kabad ɗin kayan aiki, kabad ɗin rarrabawa, kwamfuta ta sama, da sauransu.
5. Tsarin taimako ya ƙunshi: tankin maganin alkali, tankin ruwa na kayan masarufi, famfon ruwa na kayan kwalliya, silinda/busbar nitrogen, da sauransu. 6. Tsarin taimako na gaba ɗaya na kayan aikin ya haɗa da: injin ruwa mai tsabta, hasumiyar sanyi, injin daskarewa, injin damfara na iska, da sauransu.
Ana tattara ruwan ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin hydrogen da oxygen, sannan ana amfani da tarko na digo kafin a aika shi ƙarƙashin ikon tsarin sarrafawa;hydrogenda kuma matatun alkaline na oxygen, masu sanyaya hydrogen da oxygen alkali bi da bi a ƙarƙashin aikin famfon zagayawar jini, sannan su koma cikin tantanin electrolytic don ƙarin electrolysis.
Ana daidaita matsin lambar tsarin ta hanyar tsarin sarrafa matsin lamba da tsarin sarrafa matsin lamba daban-daban don biyan buƙatun hanyoyin da ke ƙasa da ajiya.
Hydrogen da aka samar ta hanyar electrolysis na ruwa yana da fa'idodin tsarki mai yawa da ƙarancin ƙazanta. Yawanci, ƙazanta a cikin iskar hydrogen da aka samar ta hanyar electrolysis na ruwa kawai iskar oxygen ne da ruwa, ba tare da wasu abubuwan haɗin ba (wanda zai iya guje wa gubar wasu abubuwan kara kuzari). Wannan yana ba da sauƙi don samar da iskar hydrogen mai tsafta, kuma iskar gas mai tsabta na iya cika ƙa'idodin iskar gas na masana'antu na lantarki.
Hydrogen da na'urar samar da hydrogen ke samarwa tana ratsawa ta cikin tankin ruwa don daidaita matsin lambar aiki na tsarin da kuma cire ruwa kyauta daga hydrogen.
Bayan shiga na'urar tsarkake hydrogen, ana ƙara tsarkake hydrogen ɗin da aka samar ta hanyar electrolysis na ruwa, ta amfani da ƙa'idodin catalytic reaction da molecular sieve adsorption don cire iskar oxygen, ruwa, da sauran ƙazanta daga hydrogen.
Kayan aikin za su iya saita tsarin daidaita samar da hydrogen ta atomatik bisa ga ainihin yanayin. Canje-canje a cikin nauyin iskar gas zai haifar da sauye-sauye a matsin lamba na tankin ajiyar hydrogen. Mai watsa matsin lamba da aka sanya a kan tankin ajiya zai fitar da siginar 4-20mA zuwa PLC don kwatantawa da ƙimar da aka saita ta asali, kuma bayan canji da lissafin PID, zai fitar da siginar 20-4mA zuwa kabad ɗin gyara don daidaita girman wutar lantarki ta lantarki, ta haka ne zai cimma manufar daidaita samar da hydrogen ta atomatik bisa ga canje-canje a cikin nauyin hydrogen.
Abinda kawai ke haifar da samar da hydrogen ta hanyar electrolysis na ruwa shine ruwa (H2O), wanda ake buƙatar a ci gaba da samar da ruwan da ba a tace ba ta hanyar famfon sake cika ruwa. Matsayin sake cikawa yana kan mai raba hydrogen ko oxygen. Bugu da ƙari, hydrogen da oxygen suna buƙatar ɗaukar ƙaramin adadin ruwa lokacin da suka bar tsarin. Kayan aiki waɗanda ba su da ƙarancin amfani da ruwa na iya cinye 1L/Nm ³ H2, yayin da manyan kayan aiki na iya rage shi zuwa 0.9L/Nm ³ H2. Tsarin yana ci gaba da cike ruwan da ba a tace ba, wanda zai iya kiyaye daidaiton matakin ruwa da yawan alkaline. Hakanan yana iya sake cika ruwan da aka mayar da martani a kan lokaci don kiyaye yawan ruwan alkaline.
- Tsarin gyara na'urar canza wutar lantarki
Wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi na'urori guda biyu, na'urar canza wutar lantarki da kuma kabad ɗin gyara wutar lantarki. Babban aikinsa shine canza wutar lantarki ta AC mai ƙarfin 10/35KV da mai shi na gaba ke bayarwa zuwa wutar lantarki ta DC da ƙwayar lantarki ke buƙata, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki ta DC zuwa ƙwayar lantarki. Ana amfani da wani ɓangare na wutar lantarki da aka bayar don wargaza ƙwayoyin ruwa kai tsaye zuwa hydrogen da oxygen, ɗayan ɓangaren kuma yana samar da zafi, wanda mai sanyaya wutar lantarki ta alkali ke gudanarwa ta hanyar ruwan sanyaya.
Yawancin na'urorin canza wutar lantarki na nau'in mai ne. Idan aka sanya su a cikin gida ko a cikin akwati, ana iya amfani da na'urorin canza wutar lantarki na nau'in busasshe. Na'urorin canza wutar lantarki da ake amfani da su don samar da hydrogen na ruwa na lantarki na musamman ne waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitawa bisa ga bayanan kowace ƙwayar lantarki, don haka kayan aiki ne na musamman.
A halin yanzu, kabad ɗin gyarawa da aka fi amfani da shi shine nau'in thyristor, wanda masana'antun kayan aiki ke tallafawa saboda tsawon lokacin amfani da shi, kwanciyar hankali mai yawa, da ƙarancin farashi. Duk da haka, saboda buƙatar daidaita manyan kayan aiki zuwa makamashin da ake sabuntawa a gaba, ingancin juyawar kabad ɗin gyarawa na thyristor yana da ƙarancin yawa. A halin yanzu, masana'antun kabad ɗin gyarawa daban-daban suna ƙoƙarin ɗaukar sabbin kabad ɗin gyarawa na IGBT. IGBT ya riga ya zama ruwan dare a wasu masana'antu kamar wutar lantarki ta iska, kuma ana kyautata zaton kabad ɗin gyarawa na IGBT za su sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci a nan gaba.
- Tsarin kabad ɗin rarrabawa
Ana amfani da kabad ɗin rarraba wutar lantarki ne musamman don samar da wutar lantarki ga sassa daban-daban tare da injina a cikin tsarin rabuwa da tsarkakewar hydrogen oxygen a bayan kayan aikin samar da hydrogen na ruwa mai amfani da wutar lantarki, gami da 400V ko kuma wanda aka fi sani da kayan aikin 380V. Kayan aikin sun haɗa da famfon zagayawar alkali a cikin tsarin rabuwar hydrogen oxygen da famfon ruwa mai kayan shafa a cikin tsarin taimako; Wutar lantarki don wayoyin dumama a cikin tsarin busarwa da tsarkakewa, da kuma tsarin taimako da ake buƙata don tsarin gaba ɗaya kamar injinan ruwa mai tsarki, masu sanyaya, na'urorin sanyaya iska, hasumiyoyin sanyaya, da na'urorin sanyaya hydrogen na baya, na'urorin hydrogenation, da sauransu, kuma sun haɗa da wutar lantarki don haske, sa ido, da sauran tsarin tashar gaba ɗaya.
- Controtsarin l
Tsarin sarrafawa yana aiwatar da sarrafa PLC ta atomatik. PLC gabaɗaya tana amfani da Siemens 1200 ko 1500, kuma tana da allon taɓawa na hulɗa tsakanin ɗan adam da injin. Ana iya ganin aikin da sigogi na kowane tsarin kayan aiki da kuma nuna dabaru na sarrafawa akan allon taɓawa.
5. Tsarin zagayawar ruwan Alkali
Wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi manyan kayan aiki masu zuwa:
Mai raba iskar oxygen ta hydrogen – famfon zagayawar ruwan alkaline – Bawul – Matatar maganin Alkali – Tantanin lantarki
Babban tsari shine kamar haka: ruwan alkaline da aka haɗa da hydrogen da oxygen a cikin ruwan hydrogen oxygen an raba shi ta hanyar mai raba gas-liquid sannan a sake mayar da shi zuwa famfon zagayawar ruwan alkaline. An haɗa mai raba hydrogen da mai raba oxygen a nan, kuma famfon zagayawar ruwan alkaline yana zagayawar ruwan alkaline da aka sake mayar da shi zuwa matatar bawul da kuma matatar ruwan alkaline a ƙarshen baya. Bayan matatar ta tace manyan ƙazanta, ruwan alkaline yana zagayawar zuwa cikin ƙwayar electrolytic.
6. Tsarin Hydrogen
Ana samar da iskar hydrogen daga gefen electrode na cathode kuma tana isa ga mai raba tare da tsarin zagayawar maganin alkaline. A cikin mai raba, iskar hydrogen tana da sauƙi kuma ta halitta ta rabu da maganin alkaline, tana isa ga saman mai raba. Sannan, tana ratsa bututun don ƙarin rabuwa, ruwan sanyaya ya sanyaya, sannan mai ɗaukar ɗigon ruwa ya tattara ta don cimma tsarkin kusan kashi 99% kafin ta isa ga tsarin busarwa da tsarkakewa na baya.
Fitowa daga iskar hydrogen: Ana amfani da iskar hydrogen ne musamman a lokacin farawa da lokacin rufewa, ayyukan da ba su dace ba, ko lokacin da tsarki bai cika ƙa'idodi ba, da kuma don magance matsaloli.
7. Tsarin iskar oxygen
Hanyar iskar oxygen tana kama da ta hydrogen, sai dai ana yin ta ne a cikin rabe-raben abubuwa daban-daban.
Buɗewa: A halin yanzu, yawancin ayyuka suna amfani da hanyar zubar da iskar oxygen.
Amfani: Darajar amfani da iskar oxygen yana da ma'ana kawai a cikin ayyuka na musamman, kamar aikace-aikacen da za su iya amfani da hydrogen da oxygen mai tsafta, kamar masana'antun fiber optic. Akwai kuma wasu manyan ayyuka waɗanda suka tanadi sarari don amfani da iskar oxygen. Yanayin aikace-aikacen baya sune don samar da iskar oxygen mai ruwa bayan bushewa da tsarkakewa, ko don iskar oxygen ta likitanci ta hanyar tsarin watsawa. Duk da haka, daidaiton waɗannan yanayin amfani har yanzu yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbaci.
8. Tsarin sanyaya ruwa
Tsarin electrolysis na ruwa martani ne na endothermic, kuma dole ne a samar da tsarin samar da hydrogen da makamashin lantarki. Duk da haka, makamashin lantarki da ake amfani da shi a cikin tsarin electrolysis na ruwa ya wuce shaƙar zafi na ka'idar amsawar electrolysis na ruwa. A wata ma'anar, wani ɓangare na wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi a cikin ƙwayar electrolysis ana mayar da shi zafi, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi don dumama tsarin zagayawa na maganin alkaline a farkon, yana ɗaga zafin maganin alkaline zuwa kewayon zafin da ake buƙata na 90 ± 5 ℃ don kayan aiki. Idan ƙwayar electrolysis ta ci gaba da aiki bayan ta kai yanayin zafi da aka ƙayyade, ana buƙatar yin zafi da aka samar ta hanyar sanyaya ruwa don kiyaye yanayin zafi na al'ada na yankin amsawar electrolysis. Babban zafin jiki a cikin yankin amsawar electrolysis na iya rage yawan amfani da makamashi, amma idan zafin ya yi yawa, diaphragm na ɗakin electrolysis zai lalace, wanda kuma zai yi illa ga aiki na dogon lokaci na kayan aiki.
Ana buƙatar a kiyaye mafi kyawun zafin aiki na wannan na'urar a zafin da bai wuce 95 ℃ ba. Bugu da ƙari, hydrogen da oxygen da aka samar suma suna buƙatar a sanyaya su kuma a cire musu danshi, kuma na'urar gyara thyristor mai sanyaya ruwa tana da bututun sanyaya da ake buƙata.
Jikin famfo na manyan kayan aiki kuma yana buƙatar shigar da ruwan sanyaya.
- Tsarin cika sinadarin nitrogen da kuma tsarkake sinadarin nitrogen
Kafin a gyara na'urar da kuma sarrafa ta, ya kamata a yi gwajin matsewar nitrogen a kan tsarin. Kafin a fara aiki da ita yadda ya kamata, ana kuma buƙatar a share matakin iskar gas na tsarin da nitrogen don tabbatar da cewa iskar da ke cikin sararin iskar gas a ɓangarorin biyu na hydrogen da oxygen tana da nisa da kewayon mai ƙonewa da fashewa.
Bayan an kashe kayan aikin, tsarin sarrafawa zai ci gaba da matsin lamba ta atomatik kuma ya riƙe wani adadin hydrogen da oxygen a cikin tsarin. Idan matsin yana nan yayin farawa, babu buƙatar yin aikin tsarkakewa. Duk da haka, idan matsin ya ragu gaba ɗaya, yana buƙatar sake yin aikin tsarkake nitrogen.
- Tsarin busar da hydrogen (tsarkakewa) (zaɓi ne)
Iskar hydrogen da aka samar daga ruwa ta hanyar amfani da na'urar busar da ruwa a layi daya, sannan a karshe a tace ta da matatar bututun nickel mai sintered don samun busasshiyar iskar hydrogen. Dangane da bukatun mai amfani da ita na hydrogen, tsarin na iya kara na'urar tsarkakewa, wacce ke amfani da palladium platinum bimetallic catalytic deoxygenation don tsarkakewa.
Ana aika sinadarin hydrogen da sashin samar da hydrogen na lantarki ke samarwa zuwa sashin tsarkake hydrogen ta hanyar tankin ajiya.
Iskar hydrogen ta fara ratsawa ta hasumiyar deoxygenation, kuma ƙarƙashin aikin mai kara kuzari, iskar oxygen da ke cikin iskar hydrogen tana amsawa da iskar hydrogen don samar da ruwa.
Tsarin amsawa: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Sannan, iskar hydrogen tana ratsa ta cikin na'urar sanyaya iskar hydrogen (wanda ke sanyaya iskar don tarawa tururin ruwa zuwa ruwa, wanda ke fitarwa ta atomatik a wajen tsarin ta hanyar mai tarawa) sannan ta shiga hasumiyar shaye-shaye.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-03-2024
