A faffadan ma'ana, iskar shaka ta lantarki (electrochemical oxidation) tana nufin dukkan tsarin electrochemistry, wanda ya ƙunshi amsawar electrochemical kai tsaye ko kai tsaye da ke faruwa a electrode bisa ga ƙa'idodin amsawar oxidation-rage oxidation. Waɗannan martanin suna da nufin rage ko cire gurɓatattun abubuwa daga ruwan sharar gida.
A takaice dai, iskar shaka ta lantarki (electrochemical oxidation) tana nufin tsarin anodic. A cikin wannan tsari, ana shigar da maganin halitta ko dakatarwa a cikin tantanin halitta na electrolytic, kuma ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki kai tsaye, ana fitar da electrons a anode, wanda ke haifar da iskar shaka ta mahaɗan halitta. A madadin haka, ana iya haɗa karafa masu ƙarancin valence zuwa ions na ƙarfe masu yawan valence a anode, waɗanda daga nan za su shiga cikin iskar shaka ta mahaɗan halitta. Yawanci, wasu ƙungiyoyin aiki a cikin mahaɗan halitta suna nuna aikin lantarki. A ƙarƙashin tasirin filin lantarki, tsarin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin aiki yana fuskantar canje-canje, yana canza halayen sinadarai na mahaɗan halitta, yana rage gubarsu, da kuma haɓaka lalacewarsu.
Ana iya rarraba iskar gas ta lantarki zuwa nau'i biyu: iskar gas ta kai tsaye da iskar gas ta kai tsaye. Iskar gas ta kai tsaye (electrolysis kai tsaye) ta ƙunshi cire gurɓatattun abubuwa kai tsaye daga ruwan sharar gida ta hanyar haɗa su a cikin wutar lantarki. Wannan tsari ya haɗa da hanyoyin anodic da cathodic. Tsarin anodic ya haɗa da iskar gas ta gurɓatattun abubuwa a saman anode, yana mayar da su zuwa abubuwa marasa guba ko abubuwa waɗanda suka fi lalacewa, ta haka rage ko kawar da gurɓatattun abubuwa. Tsarin cathodic ya ƙunshi rage gurɓatattun abubuwa a saman cathode kuma ana amfani da shi musamman don ragewa da cire halogenated hydrocarbons da kuma dawo da ƙarfe masu nauyi.
Ana iya kiran tsarin cathodic da rage sinadarin electrochemical. Ya ƙunshi canja wurin electrons don rage ions na ƙarfe masu nauyi kamar Cr6+ da Hg2+ zuwa ƙananan yanayin iskar oxygen. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya rage mahaɗan halitta masu chlorine, yana canza su zuwa abubuwa marasa guba ko marasa guba, a ƙarshe yana haɓaka lalacewar su:
R-Cl + H+ + e → RH + Cl-
Iskar shaka ta kai tsaye (electrolysis na kai tsaye) ta ƙunshi amfani da sinadaran oxidizing ko rage sinadarai da aka samar ta hanyar lantarki a matsayin masu amsawa ko masu kara kuzari don mayar da gurɓatattun abubuwa zuwa abubuwa marasa guba. Ana iya ƙara rarraba electrolysis kai tsaye zuwa hanyoyin da za a iya juyawa da kuma waɗanda ba za a iya juyawa ba. Tsarin da za a iya juyawa (electrochemical oxidation) ya haɗa da sake farfaɗowa da sake amfani da nau'in redox yayin aikin electrochemical. A gefe guda kuma, hanyoyin da ba za a iya juyawa ba suna amfani da abubuwan da aka samar daga halayen electrochemical marasa juyawa, kamar su sinadaran oxidizing masu ƙarfi kamar Cl2, chlorates, hypochlorites, H2O2, da O3, don lalata mahaɗan halitta. Tsarin da ba za a iya juyawa kuma yana iya samar da tsaka-tsakin oxidative mai ƙarfi, gami da electrons masu narkewa, · HO radicals, · HO2 radicals (hydroperoxyl radicals), da · O2- radicals (superoxide anions), waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don lalata da kuma kawar da gurɓatattun abubuwa kamar cyanide, phenols, COD (Buƙatar Sinadarin Oxygen), da S2- ions, a ƙarshe suna canza su zuwa abubuwa marasa lahani.
Idan aka yi amfani da sinadarin oxidation na anodic kai tsaye, ƙarancin yawan sinadaran da ke haifar da amsawa na iya iyakance amsawar saman electrochemical saboda iyakokin canja wurin taro, yayin da wannan iyakancewar ba ta wanzu ga hanyoyin oxidation na kai tsaye ba. A lokacin hanyoyin oxidation na kai tsaye da na kai tsaye, halayen gefe da suka shafi samar da iskar gas ta H2 ko O2 na iya faruwa, amma ana iya sarrafa waɗannan halayen gefe ta hanyar zaɓar kayan lantarki da ikon sarrafawa.
An gano cewa iskar sharar lantarki (electrochemical oxidation) tana da tasiri wajen magance ruwan sharar gida da yawan sinadarin organic, abubuwan da suka haɗa da sinadarai masu rikitarwa, da kuma yawan sinadarai masu hana ruwa shiga, da kuma yawan launuka. Ta hanyar amfani da anodes tare da aikin electrochemical, wannan fasaha na iya samar da sinadarai masu hana ruwa shiga cikin sinadarai masu hana ruwa shiga. Wannan tsari yana haifar da rugujewar gurɓatattun abubuwa masu guba zuwa abubuwa marasa guba, masu lalacewa da kuma cikakken ma'adinai zuwa mahadi kamar carbon dioxide ko carbonates.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-07-2023
