Electrodialysis (ED) wani tsari ne wanda ke amfani da membrane mai iya jurewa da filin lantarki kai tsaye don ɗaukar ɓangarorin da aka caje (kamar ions) daga mafita. Wannan tsarin rabuwa yana mai da hankali, dilutes, tacewa, da tsarkake mafita ta hanyar jagorantar cajin solutes daga ruwa da sauran abubuwan da ba a caje su ba. Electrodialysis ya samo asali zuwa babban aikin naúrar sinadarai kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a fasahar rabuwa da membrane. Yana samun aikace-aikace mai yawa a cikin masana'antu kamar su lalata sinadarai, lalata ruwan teku, abinci da magunguna, da kuma kula da ruwa. A wasu yankuna, ya zama hanya ta farko don samar da ruwan sha. Yana ba da fa'idodi kamar ƙarancin amfani da makamashi, fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi mai sauƙi, pretreatment mai sauƙi, kayan aiki mai dorewa, ƙirar tsarin sassauƙa, sauƙin aiki da kulawa, tsari mai tsabta, ƙarancin amfani da sinadarai, ƙarancin gurɓataccen muhalli, tsawon rayuwar na'urar, da ƙimar dawo da ruwa mai yawa (yawanci. daga 65% zuwa 80%).
Hanyoyin fasaha na electrodialysis na yau da kullum sun haɗa da electrodeionization (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis tare da membranes ruwa (EDLM), high-zazzabi electrodialysis, yi-nau'i electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, da sauransu.
Ana iya amfani da Electrodialysis don magance nau'ikan ruwan sha daban-daban, ciki har da ruwan sharar wutar lantarki da gurɓataccen ruwa mai nauyi. Ana iya amfani da shi don fitar da ions karfe da sauran abubuwa daga ruwa mai datti, ba da damar dawo da ruwa da sake amfani da ruwa da albarkatu masu mahimmanci tare da rage gurbatar yanayi da hayaki. Nazarin ya nuna cewa electrodialysis na iya dawo da jan karfe, zinc, har ma da oxidize Cr3 + zuwa Cr6 + yayin maganin hanyoyin wucewa a cikin tsarin samar da jan karfe. Bugu da ƙari, an haɗa electrodialysis tare da musayar ion don dawo da karafa masu nauyi da acid daga ruwan sharar acid a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu. An yi amfani da na'urorin lantarki na musamman da aka kera, ta amfani da resins na anion da cation na musanya a matsayin masu cikawa, an yi amfani da su don magance ruwan sharar ƙarfe mai nauyi, samun nasarar sake amfani da madauki da kuma fitar da sifili. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Electrodialysis don magance ruwan datti na alkaline da ruwan datti.
Wani bincike da aka gudanar a dakin gwaje-gwaje na mabudin kula da gurbatar yanayi da sake amfani da albarkatu a kasar Sin, ya yi nazari kan yadda ake kula da ruwan alkali mai wankin ruwa mai dauke da iskar gas din wutsiya na epoxy propane chlorination ta amfani da ion musayar membrane electrolysis. Lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya kasance 5.0V kuma lokacin kewayawa ya kasance sa'o'i 3, ƙimar cirewar COD na ruwan datti ya kai 78%, kuma adadin dawo da alkali ya kai 73.55%, yana aiki azaman ingantaccen pretreatment na raka'a biochemical na gaba. An kuma yi amfani da fasahar Electrodialysis don kula da ruwa mai cike da hadaddun kwayoyin acid, tare da yawan adadin daga 3% zuwa 15%, ta Kamfanin Shandong Luhua Petrochemical. Wannan hanyar ba ta haifar da raguwa ko gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu ba, kuma maganin da aka tattara ya ƙunshi 20% zuwa 40% acid, wanda za'a iya sake yin amfani da shi da kuma kula da shi, rage yawan acid a cikin ruwa mai tsabta zuwa 0.05% zuwa 0.3%. Bugu da kari, kamfanin Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical ya yi amfani da na'urar na'ura ta musamman na electrodialysis wajen kula da ruwan datti, inda ya kai matsakaicin karfin jiyya na 36 t/h, tare da sinadarin ammonium nitrate a cikin ruwan da aka tattara ya kai sama da kashi 20%, da samun farfadowar sama da 96. %. Ruwan da aka kula da shi yana da juzu'in ammonium nitrogen na ≤40mg/L, wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin muhalli.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-07-2023
