Electrodialysis (ED) tsari ne da ke amfani da membrane mai iya shiga da kuma filin lantarki kai tsaye don jigilar ƙwayoyin da ke narkewa (kamar ions) daga wani bayani. Wannan tsarin rabuwa yana tattarawa, yana narkewa, yana tacewa, kuma yana tsarkake mafita ta hanyar jagorantar masu narkewar da aka caji daga ruwa da sauran abubuwan da ba a caji ba. Electrodialysis ya rikide zuwa babban aikin sashin sinadarai kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a fasahar rabuwar membrane. Yana samun aikace-aikace mai yawa a masana'antu kamar tace sinadarai, tace ruwan teku, abinci da magunguna, da kuma maganin ruwan sha. A wasu yankuna, ya zama babbar hanyar samar da ruwan sha. Yana ba da fa'idodi kamar ƙarancin amfani da makamashi, fa'idodi masu mahimmanci na tattalin arziki, sauƙin magani kafin a fara amfani da shi, kayan aiki masu ɗorewa, ƙirar tsarin sassauƙa, sauƙin aiki da kulawa, tsari mai tsabta, ƙarancin amfani da sinadarai, ƙarancin gurɓataccen muhalli, tsawon rai na na'ura, da kuma yawan dawo da ruwa (yawanci daga 65% zuwa 80%).
Hanyoyin electrodialysis na yau da kullun sun haɗa da electroionization (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis tare da liquid membranes (EDLM), electrodialysis mai zafi-zafi, roll-type electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, da sauransu.
Ana iya amfani da electrodialysis don magance nau'ikan ruwan shara daban-daban, gami da electroplating da electroplating da kuma manyan ruwayen da suka gurɓata da ƙarfe. Ana iya amfani da shi don cire ions na ƙarfe da sauran abubuwa daga ruwan shara, wanda ke ba da damar dawo da ruwa da albarkatu masu mahimmanci yayin da ake rage gurɓatawa da hayaki. Bincike ya nuna cewa electrodialysis na iya dawo da jan ƙarfe, zinc, har ma da oxidize Cr3+ zuwa Cr6+ yayin maganin passivation a cikin tsarin samar da jan ƙarfe. Bugu da ƙari, an haɗa electrodialysis tare da musayar ion don dawo da manyan ƙarfe da acid daga ruwan shara mai ɗauke da acid a aikace-aikacen masana'antu. An yi amfani da na'urorin electrodialysis na musamman, waɗanda ke amfani da anion da cation exchange resins a matsayin cikawa, don magance manyan ruwayen ƙarfe, cimma sake amfani da su a rufe da kuma rashin fitar da ruwa. Haka kuma ana iya amfani da electrodialysis don magance ruwan shara na alkaline da ruwan shara na halitta.
Binciken da aka gudanar a Babban Dakin Gwaji na Jihar kan Gurɓata da Sake Amfani da Albarkatu a China ya yi nazarin maganin ruwan sharar da ke wanke alkali wanda ke ɗauke da iskar gas ta epoxy propane chlorination ta amfani da electrolysis na membrane na musayar ion. Lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki na electrolysis ya kasance 5.0V kuma lokacin zagayawa ya kasance awanni 3, ƙimar cire COD na ruwan sharar ya kai kashi 78%, kuma ƙimar dawo da alkali ya kai kashi 73.55%, wanda ya zama magani mai inganci kafin a fara amfani da shi ga na'urorin biochemical na gaba. An kuma yi amfani da fasahar electrodialysis don magance ruwan sharar acid mai yawan tarin abubuwa, tare da yawansu ya kama daga kashi 3% zuwa 15%, ta kamfanin Shandong Luhua Petrochemical Company. Wannan hanyar ba ta haifar da wani gurɓataccen abu ko gurɓataccen abu na biyu ba, kuma maganin da aka tattara ya ƙunshi kashi 20% zuwa 40% na acid, wanda za a iya sake amfani da shi kuma a yi masa magani, yana rage yawan acid ɗin da ke cikin ruwan sharar zuwa kashi 0.05% zuwa 0.3%. Bugu da ƙari, Kamfanin Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company ya yi amfani da na'urar tantancewa ta lantarki ta musamman don magance ruwan datti mai narkewa, inda ya cimma matsakaicin ƙarfin magani na 36 t/h, tare da adadin ammonium nitrate a cikin ruwan da aka tattara ya kai sama da 20%, kuma ya cimma ƙimar murmurewa sama da 96%. Ruwan ruwan da aka yi wa magani yana da ƙaramin adadin ammonium nitrogen na ≤40mg/L, wanda ya cika ƙa'idodin muhalli.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-07-2023
