Menene Gwaji mara lalacewa?
Gwajin mara lalacewa wata dabara ce mai inganci wacce ke baiwa masu duba damar tattara bayanai ba tare da lalata samfurin ba.Ana amfani da shi don bincika lahani da lalacewa a cikin abubuwa ba tare da tarwatsawa ko lalata samfurin ba.
Gwajin marasa lalacewa (NDT) da kuma duba marasa lalacewa (NDI) kalmomi ne masu kama da juna waɗanda ke nufin gwaji ba tare da lalata abu ba.A wasu kalmomi, ana amfani da NDT don gwaji mara lalacewa, yayin da ake amfani da NDI don dubawa / gazawar dubawa.
A wasu lokuta, gwaje-gwaje marasa lalacewa (NDT) da kuma duba marasa lalacewa (NDI) ana iya amfani da su tare, duka suna nufin gwajin abubuwa ba tare da haifar da lalacewa ba.A wasu kalmomi, ana amfani da NDT don gwaji mara lalacewa, yayin da ake amfani da NDI don dubawa / gazawar dubawa.Kamar yadda wannan sashe ya haɗa da hanyoyin NDT a ƙarƙashin binciken mara lalacewa, yana da kyau a bambanta tsakanin su biyun dangane da aikace-aikacenku da manufar ku.
Mafi yawan dalilai guda biyu na NDT sune:
Ƙimar inganci: Duba al'amurra a cikin samfuran da aka ƙera da abubuwan da aka ƙera.Misali, ana amfani da shi don bincika raguwar simintin gyaran kafa, lahanin walda, da sauransu.
Kima rayuwa: Tabbatar da amincin aikin samfurin.Ana iya amfani da shi don bincika rashin daidaituwa a cikin dogon lokacin amfani da sifofi da ababen more rayuwa.
Amfanin Gwajin Mara lalacewa
Gwajin mara lalacewa yana ba da aminci da ingantattun hanyoyin duba abubuwa kamar haka.
Babban daidaito, mai sauƙin samun lahani waɗanda ba za a iya gani daga saman ba.
Babu lahani ga abubuwa, akwai don duk dubawa.
Ƙara amincin samfur
Gano gyara ko sauyawa akan lokaci
Dalilin da ya sa gwajin da ba ya lalata yana da inganci musamman kuma yana da inganci shine yana iya gano lahani na cikin abu ba tare da lalata shi ba.Wannan hanyar tana kama da duban X-ray, wanda zai iya bayyana wurin karyewar da ke da wahalar yin hukunci daga waje.
Gwajin mara lalacewa (NDT) za a iya amfani da shi don binciken samfur kafin jigilar kaya, saboda wannan hanyar ba ta gurbata ko lalata samfurin.Wannan yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa duk samfuran da aka bincika sun sami ingantattun bincike, wanda ke ƙara amincin samfur.Koyaya, a wasu lokuta, ana iya buƙatar matakan shirye-shirye da yawa, wanda zai iya zama ɗan tsada.
Hanyoyin Hanyoyi na NDT gama gari
Akwai dabaru da yawa da ake amfani da su wajen gwaji marasa lalacewa, kuma suna da digiri daban-daban dangane da lahani ko kayan da za a bincika.
Gwajin Radiyo (RT)
Ana iya amfani da gwajin marasa lalacewa (NDT) don dubawa kafin jigilar kaya, saboda wannan hanyar ba ta gurbata ko lalata samfurin.Wannan yana taimakawa tabbatar da cewa duk samfuran da aka bincika sun sami ingantattun bincike, don haka ƙara amincin samfurin.Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, ana iya buƙatar matakan shirye-shirye da yawa, wanda zai iya zama mai tsada.Gwajin rediyo (RT) yana amfani da hasken X-ray da haskoki gamma don bincika abubuwa.RT yana gano lahani ta amfani da bambance-bambance a cikin kauri na hoto a kusurwoyi daban-daban.Computerized tomography (CT) yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin NDT na masana'antu da ke ba da hotunan giciye da 3D na abubuwa yayin dubawa.Wannan fasalin yana ba da damar yin cikakken bincike na lahani na ciki ko kauri.Ya dace da auna kauri na faranti na karfe da bincike na ciki na gine-gine.Kafin yin aiki da tsarin, ana buƙatar yin la'akari da wasu la'akari: ana buƙatar yin taka tsantsan a cikin amfani da radiation.Ana amfani da RT don nazarin ciki na batirin lithium-ion da allunan da'irori na lantarki.Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi don gano lahani a cikin bututu da walda da aka sanya a cikin wutar lantarki, masana'antu, da sauran gine-gine.
Gwajin Ultrasonic (UT)
Gwajin Ultrasonic (UT) yana amfani da raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic don gano abubuwa.Ta hanyar auna tunanin raƙuman sauti a saman kayan, UT na iya gano yanayin ciki na abubuwa.Ana amfani da UT a yawancin masana'antu azaman hanyar gwaji mara lalacewa wacce ba ta lalata kayan.Ana amfani da shi don gano lahani na ciki a cikin samfura da lahani a cikin abubuwa masu kama da juna kamar naɗaɗɗen murɗa.Tsarukan UT amintattu ne kuma masu sauƙin amfani, amma suna da iyakoki idan ya zo ga kayan da ba su da tsari.Ana amfani da su don gano lahani na ciki a cikin samfuran da kuma bincika abubuwan da suka dace kamar naɗaɗɗen murɗa.
Gwajin Eddy Current (Electromagnetic) Gwajin (ET)
A cikin gwajin eddy current (EC), ana sanya coil tare da alternating current kusa da saman abu.A halin yanzu a cikin nada yana haifar da jujjuyawar eddy a kusa da saman abin, yana bin ka'idar shigar da wutar lantarki.Ana gano lahanin saman, kamar tsagewa, sannan ana gano su.Gwajin EC ɗaya ne daga cikin hanyoyin gwaji na yau da kullun marasa lalacewa waɗanda ba sa buƙatar aiwatarwa ko bayan aiwatarwa.Ya dace sosai don auna kauri, binciken gini, da sauran fagage, kuma galibi ana amfani dashi a masana'antar masana'anta.Koyaya, gwajin EC zai iya gano kayan sarrafawa kawai.
Gwajin Magnetic Particle (MT)
Ana amfani da Gwajin Magnetic Particle Test (MT) don gano lahani kawai a ƙarƙashin saman kayan a cikin maganin dubawa mai ɗauke da hodar maganadisu.Ana amfani da wutar lantarki akan abu don duba shi ta hanyar canza yanayin foda na maganadisu a saman abin.Lokacin da na yanzu ya gamu da lahani a wurin, zai haifar da filin ɗigon ruwa inda lahanin yake.
Ana amfani da shi don gano ƙananan fashe-fashe a saman, kuma ana samun shi don jirgin sama, mota, da sassan titin jirgin ƙasa.
Gwajin Penetrant (PT)
Gwajin Penetrant (PT) yana nufin hanyar cika ciki na lahani ta hanyar amfani da mai shiga cikin abu ta amfani da aikin capillary.Bayan aiki, an cire mai shigar da ƙasa.Mai shiga ciki wanda ya shiga cikin lahani ba za a iya wanke shi ba kuma yana riƙe.Ta hanyar ba da mai haɓakawa, lahanin zai zama abin gani.PT ya dace kawai don duba lahani na ƙasa, yana buƙatar aiki mai tsawo da ƙarin lokaci, kuma bai dace da dubawa na ciki ba.Ana amfani da shi don bincika injin turbojet ruwan injin turbine da sassan mota.
Sauran hanyoyin
Tsarin gwajin tasirin guduma yawanci ana sarrafa shi ta masu aiki waɗanda ke duba yanayin cikin abu ta hanyar buga shi da sauraron sautin da aka samu.Wannan hanya tana amfani da ƙa'ida ɗaya inda cikakkiyar teacup ke samar da sauti mai tsafta idan an buga shi, yayin da wanda ya karye yake fitar da sauti maras kyau.Hakanan ana amfani da wannan hanyar gwaji don bincika ƙwanƙwasa sako-sako, gatari na layin dogo, da bangon waje.Duban gani yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawan amfani da hanyoyin gwaji marasa lalacewa inda ma'aikata ke duba yanayin zahirin abin.Gwajin mara lalacewa yana ba da fa'idodi cikin kulawar inganci don simintin gyare-gyare, ƙirƙira, samfuran birgima, bututun mai, hanyoyin walda, da sauransu, ta haka inganta aminci da amincin kayan aikin masana'antu.Ana kuma amfani da ita wajen kula da ababen more rayuwa kamar gadoji, ramuka, tayoyin jirgin kasa da gatari, jiragen sama, jiragen ruwa, ababen hawa, da kuma duba injinan injina, bututu, da tankunan ruwa na tashoshin wutar lantarki da sauran ababen more rayuwa na yau da kullun.Bugu da ƙari, aikace-aikacen fasahar NDT a fannonin da ba masana'antu ba kamar kayayyakin al'adu, zane-zane, rarraba 'ya'yan itace, da gwajin hoto na zafi yana ƙara zama mahimmanci.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-08-2023
